Camera obscura
Analoog
The foundational principle behind all photography: light through a small opening projects an inverted image of the outside world.
Camera obscura is Latin for "dark room". Painters used it as a tool: they projected a scene onto paper or canvas to trace it. The principle is the same as in any lens: a small hole or lens focuses light and forms a sharp image. The invention of light-sensitive materials turned the camera obscura into the photographic camera.